GPU CPU APU DSP FPGA Coprocessor
GPU的驅動要求
AMD GPUs on Linux require "RadeonOpenCompute (ROCm)" Software Platform (1.6.180 or later) AMD GPUs on Windows require "AMD Radeon Software Crimson Edition" (15.12 or later) Intel CPUs require "OpenCL Runtime for Intel Core and Intel Xeon Processors" (16.1.1 or later) Intel GPUs on Linux require "OpenCL 2.0 GPU Driver Package for Linux" (2.0 or later) Intel GPUs on Windows require "OpenCL Driver for Intel Iris and Intel HD Graphics" NVIDIA GPUs require "NVIDIA Driver" (367.x or later)
下面使常見的參數(shù),想了解更多的參數(shù)可以hashcat --help查看
-a 指定要使用的破解模式,其值參考后面對參數(shù)?!?a 0”字典攻擊,“-a 1” 組合攻擊;“-a 3”掩碼攻擊。 -m 指定要破解的hash類型,如果不指定類型,則默認是MD5 -o 指定破解成功后的hash及所對應的明文密碼的存放位置,可以用它把破解成功的hash寫到指定的文件中 --force 忽略破解過程中的警告信息,跑單條hash可能需要加上此選項 --show 顯示已經破解的hash及該hash所對應的明文 --increment 啟用增量破解模式,你可以利用此模式讓hashcat在指定的密碼長度范圍內執(zhí)行破解過程 --increment-min 密碼最小長度,后面直接等于一個整數(shù)即可,配置increment模式一起使用 --increment-max 密碼最大長度,同上 --outfile-format 指定破解結果的輸出格式id,默認是3 --username 忽略hash文件中的指定的用戶名,在破解linux系統(tǒng)用戶密碼hash可能會用到 --remove 刪除已被破解成功的hash -r 使用自定義破解規(guī)則
# | Mode ===+====== 0 | Straight(字段破解) 1 | Combination(組合破解) 3 | Brute-force(掩碼暴力破解) 6 | Hybrid Wordlist + Mask(字典+掩碼破解) 7 | Hybrid Mask + Wordlist(掩碼+字典破解)
1 = hash[:salt] 2 = plain 3 = hash[:salt]:plain 4 = hex_plain 5 = hash[:salt]:hex_plain 6 = plain:hex_plain 7 = hash[:salt]:plain:hex_plain 8 = crackpos 9 = hash[:salt]:crackpos 10 = plain:crackpos 11 = hash[:salt]:plain:crackpos 12 = hex_plain:crackpos 13 = hash[:salt]:hex_plain:crackpos 14 = plain:hex_plain:crackpos 15 = hash[:salt]:plain:hex_plain:crackpos
因為實在是太多了,所有我就貼一部分常見的hash類型,要想了解所有的參數(shù)可到hashcat的Wiki上去看,或者直接hashcat --help查看hash對照表
- [ Hash modes ] - # | Name | Category ======+==================================================+====================================== 900 | MD4 | Raw Hash 0 | MD5 | Raw Hash 5100 | Half MD5 | Raw Hash 100 | SHA1 | Raw Hash 1300 | SHA2-224 | Raw Hash 1400 | SHA2-256 | Raw Hash 10800 | SHA2-384 | Raw Hash 1700 | SHA2-512 | Raw Hash 17300 | SHA3-224 | Raw Hash 17400 | SHA3-256 | Raw Hash 17500 | SHA3-384 | Raw Hash 17600 | SHA3-512 | Raw Hash 10 | md5($pass.$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 20 | md5($salt.$pass) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 30 | md5(utf16le($pass).$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 40 | md5($salt.utf16le($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 3800 | md5($salt.$pass.$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 3710 | md5($salt.md5($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4010 | md5($salt.md5($salt.$pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4110 | md5($salt.md5($pass.$salt)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 2600 | md5(md5($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 3910 | md5(md5($pass).md5($salt)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4300 | md5(strtoupper(md5($pass))) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4400 | md5(sha1($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 110 | sha1($pass.$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 120 | sha1($salt.$pass) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 130 | sha1(utf16le($pass).$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 140 | sha1($salt.utf16le($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4500 | sha1(sha1($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4520 | sha1($salt.sha1($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4700 | sha1(md5($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 4900 | sha1($salt.$pass.$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 14400 | sha1(CX) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1410 | sha256($pass.$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1420 | sha256($salt.$pass) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1430 | sha256(utf16le($pass).$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1440 | sha256($salt.utf16le($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1710 | sha512($pass.$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1720 | sha512($salt.$pass) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1730 | sha512(utf16le($pass).$salt) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 1740 | sha512($salt.utf16le($pass)) | Raw Hash, Salted and/or Iterated 14000 | DES (PT = $salt, key = $pass) | Raw Cipher, Known-Plaintext attack 14100 | 3DES (PT = $salt, key = $pass) | Raw Cipher, Known-Plaintext attack 14900 | Skip32 (PT = $salt, key = $pass) | Raw Cipher, Known-Plaintext attack 15400 | ChaCha20 | Raw Cipher, Known-Plaintext attack 2500 | WPA-EAPOL-PBKDF2 | Network Protocols 2501 | WPA-EAPOL-PMK | Network Protocols 16800 | WPA-PMKID-PBKDF2 | Network Protocols 16801 | WPA-PMKID-PMK | Network Protocols 7300 | IPMI2 RAKP HMAC-SHA1 | Network Protocols 7500 | Kerberos 5 AS-REQ Pre-Auth etype 23 | Network Protocols 8300 | DNSSEC (NSEC3) | Network Protocols 10200 | CRAM-MD5 | Network Protocols 11100 | PostgreSQL CRAM (MD5) | Network Protocols 11200 | MySQL CRAM (SHA1) | Network Protocols 16100 | TACACS+ | Network Protocols 16500 | JWT (JSON Web Token) | Network Protocols 121 | SMF (Simple Machines Forum) > v1.1 | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 400 | phpBB3 (MD5) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 2811 | MyBB 1.2+ | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 2811 | IPB2+ (Invision Power Board) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 8400 | WBB3 (Woltlab Burning Board) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 11 | Joomla < 2.5.18 | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 400 | Joomla >= 2.5.18 (MD5) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 400 | WordPress (MD5) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 2612 | PHPS | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 7900 | Drupal7 | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 21 | osCommerce | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 21 | xt:Commerce | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 11000 | PrestaShop | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 124 | Django (SHA-1) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 10000 | Django (PBKDF2-SHA256) | Forums, CMS, E-Commerce, Frameworks 12 | PostgreSQL | Database Server 131 | MSSQL (2000) | Database Server 132 | MSSQL (2005) | Database Server 1731 | MSSQL (2012, 2014) | Database Server 200 | MySQL323 | Database Server 300 | MySQL4.1/MySQL5 | Database Server 3100 | Oracle H: Type (Oracle 7+) | Database Server 112 | Oracle S: Type (Oracle 11+) | Database Server 12300 | Oracle T: Type (Oracle 12+) | Database Server 8000 | Sybase ASE | Database Server 15000 | FileZilla Server >= 0.9.55 | FTP Server 11500 | CRC32 | Checksums 3000 | LM | Operating Systems 1000 | NTLM | Operating Systems 500 | md5crypt, MD5 (Unix), Cisco-IOS $1$ (MD5) | Operating Systems 3200 | bcrypt $2*$, Blowfish (Unix) | Operating Systems 7400 | sha256crypt $5$, SHA256 (Unix) | Operating Systems 1800 | sha512crypt $6$, SHA512 (Unix) | Operating Systems 122 | macOS v10.4, MacOS v10.5, MacOS v10.6 | Operating Systems 1722 | macOS v10.7 | Operating Systems 7100 | macOS v10.8+ (PBKDF2-SHA512) | Operating Systems 11600 | 7-Zip | Archives 12500 | RAR3-hp | Archives 13000 | RAR5 | Archives 13600 | WinZip | Archives 9700 | MS Office <= 2003 $0/$1, MD5 + RC4 | Documents 9710 | MS Office <= 2003 $0/$1, MD5 + RC4, collider #1 | Documents 9720 | MS Office <= 2003 $0/$1, MD5 + RC4, collider #2 | Documents 9800 | MS Office <= 2003 $3/$4, SHA1 + RC4 | Documents 9810 | MS Office <= 2003 $3, SHA1 + RC4, collider #1 | Documents 9820 | MS Office <= 2003 $3, SHA1 + RC4, collider #2 | Documents 9400 | MS Office 2007 | Documents 9500 | MS Office 2010 | Documents 9600 | MS Office 2013 | Documents 10400 | PDF 1.1 - 1.3 (Acrobat 2 - 4) | Documents 10410 | PDF 1.1 - 1.3 (Acrobat 2 - 4), collider #1 | Documents 10420 | PDF 1.1 - 1.3 (Acrobat 2 - 4), collider #2 | Documents 10500 | PDF 1.4 - 1.6 (Acrobat 5 - 8) | Documents 10600 | PDF 1.7 Level 3 (Acrobat 9) | Documents 10700 | PDF 1.7 Level 8 (Acrobat 10 - 11) | Documents 99999 | Plaintext | Plaintext
這里列一下常見的掩碼字符集
l | abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 純小寫字母 u | ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 純大寫字母 d | 0123456789 純數(shù)字 h | 0123456789abcdef 常見小寫子目錄和數(shù)字 H | 0123456789ABCDEF 常見大寫字母和數(shù)字 s | !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~ 特殊字符 a | ?l?u?d?s 鍵盤上所有可見的字符 b | 0x00 - 0xff 可能是用來匹配像空格這種密碼的
下面舉幾個簡單的例子來了解一下掩碼的設置
八位數(shù)字密碼:?d?d?d?d?d?d?d?d 八位未知密碼:?a?a?a?a?a?a?a?a 前四位為大寫字母,后面四位為數(shù)字:?u?u?u?u?d?d?d?d 前四位為數(shù)字或者是小寫字母,后四位為大寫字母或者數(shù)字:?h?h?h?h?H?H?H?H 前三個字符未知,中間為admin,后三位未知:?a?a?aadmin?a?a?a 6-8位數(shù)字密碼:--increment --increment-min 6 --increment-max 8 ?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?l 6-8位數(shù)字+小寫字母密碼:--increment --increment-min 6 --increment-max 8 ?h?h?h?h?h?h?h?h
如果我們想設置字符集為:abcd123456!@-+,那該怎么做呢。這就需要用到自定義字符集這個參數(shù)了,hashcat支持用戶最多定義4組字符集
--custom-charset1 [chars]等價于 -1 --custom-charset2 [chars]等價于 -2 --custom-charset3 [chars]等價于 -3 --custom-charset4 [chars]等價于 -4 在掩碼中用?1、?2、?3、?4來表示。
再來舉幾個例子:
--custom-charset1 abcd123456!@-+。然后我們就可以用"?1"去表示這個字符集了 --custom-charset2 ?l?d,這里和?2就等價于?h -1 ?d?l?u,?1就表示數(shù)字+小寫字母+大寫字母 -3 abcdef -4 123456 那么?3?3?3?3?4?4?4?4就表示為前四位可能是“abcdef”,后四位可能是“123456”
PS:我這里給一下我機子的配置,然后再對比一下破解的速度
CPU:Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7300HQ CPU @ 2.50GHz 顯卡:GTX 1050 Ti
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 0 --force 25c3e88f81b4853f2a8faacad4c871b6 ?d?d?d?d?d?d?d
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 0 --force 7a47c6db227df60a6d67245d7d8063f3 ?l?l?l?l?l?l?l
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 0 --force 4488cec2aea535179e085367d8a17d75 --increment --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 ?d?d?d?d?d?d?d?d
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 0 --force ab65d749cba1656ca11dfa1cc2383102 --increment --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 ?h?h?h?h?h?h?h?h
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -1 123456abcdf!@+- 8b78ba5089b11326290bc15cf0b9a07d ?1?1?1?1?1 注意一下:這里的-1和?1是數(shù)字1,不是字母l
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -1 123456abcdf!@+- 9054fa315ce16f7f0955b4af06d1aa1b --increment --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 ?1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -1 ?d?u?l?s d37fc9ee39dd45a7717e3e3e9415f65d --increment --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 ?1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1 或者: hashcat64.exe -a 3 d37fc9ee39dd45a7717e3e3e9415f65d --increment --increment-min 1 --increment-max 8 ?a?a?a?a?a?a?a?a
-a 0是指定字典破解模式,-o是輸出結果到文件中 hashcat64.exe -a 0 ede900ac1424436b55dc3c9f20cb97a8 password.txt -o result.txt
hashcat64.exe -a 0 hash.txt password.txt -o result.txt
hashcat64.exe -a 1 25f9e794323b453885f5181f1b624d0b pwd1.txt pwd2.txt
hashcat64.exe -a 6 9dc9d5ed5031367d42543763423c24ee password.txt ?l?l?l?l?l
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 300 --force 6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 ?d?d?d?d?d?d
可以cat /etc/shadow獲取
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 1800 --force $6$mxuA5cdy$XZRk0CvnPFqOgVopqiPEFAFK72SogKVwwwp7gWaUOb7b6tVwfCpcSUsCEk64ktLLYmzyew/xd0O0hPG/yrm2X. ?l?l?l?l
不用整理用戶名,使用--username
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 1800 --force qiyou:$6$QDq75ki3$jsKm7qTDHz/xBob0kF1Lp170Cgg0i5Tslf3JW/sm9k9Q916mBTyilU3PoOsbRdxV8TAmzvdgNjrCuhfg3jKMY1 ?l?l?l?l?l --username
可以用saminside獲取NT-hash,LM-hash的值
NT-hash: hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 1000 209C6174DA490CAEB422F3FA5A7AE634 ?l?l?l?l?l LM-hash: hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 3000 F0D412BD764FFE81AAD3B435B51404EE ?l?l?l?l?l
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 132 --force 0x01008c8006c224f71f6bf0036f78d863c3c4ff53f8c3c48edafb ?l?l?l?l?l?d?d?d
具體加密腳本在./wp-includes/class-phpass.php的HashPassword函數(shù)
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 400 --force $P$BYEYcHEj3vDhV1lwGBv6rpxurKOEWY/ ?d?d?d?d?d?d
其密碼加密方式md5(md5($pass).$salt)
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 2611 --force 14e1b600b1fd579f47433b88e8d85291: ?d?d?d?d?d?d
首先rar2john獲取rar文件hash值下載地址
獲取rar文件的hash值:rar2john.exe 1.rar 結果: 1.rar:$rar5$16$639e9ce8344c680da12e8bdd4346a6a3$15$a2b056a21a9836d8d48c2844d171b73d$8$04a52d2224ad082e
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 13000 --force $rar5$16$639e9ce8344c680da12e8bdd4346a6a3$15$a2b056a21a9836d8d48c2844d171b73d$8$04a52d2224ad082e ?d?d?d?d?d?d
注意:
hashcat 支持 RAR3-hp 和 RAR5,官方示例如下: -m參數(shù) 類型 示例 hash 12500 RAR3-hp $RAR3$*0*45109af8ab5f297a*adbf6c5385d7a40373e8f77d7b89d317 13000 RAR5 $rar5$16$74575567518807622265582327032280$15$f8b4064de34ac02ecabfe
用zip2john獲取文件的hash值:zip2john.exe 1.zip 結果:1.zip:$zip2$*0*3*0*554bb43ff71cb0cac76326f292119dfd*ff23*5*24b28885ee*d4fe362bb1e91319ab53*$/zip2$:::::1.zip-1.txt
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 13600 $zip2$*0*3*0*554bb43ff71cb0cac76326f292119dfd*ff23*5*24b28885ee*d4fe362bb1e91319ab53*$/zip2$ --force ?d?d?d?d?d?d
獲取office的hash值:python office2john.py 11.docx 結果:11.docx:$office$*2013*100000*256*16*e4a3eb62e8d3576f861f9eded75e0525*9eeb35f0849a7800d48113440b4bbb9c*577f8d8b2e1c5f60fed76e62327b38d28f25230f6c7dfd66588d9ca8097aabb9
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 9600 $office$*2013*100000*256*16*e4a3eb62e8d3576f861f9eded75e0525*9eeb35f0849a7800d48113440b4bbb9c*577f8d8b2e1c5f60fed76e62327b38d28f25230f6c7dfd66588d9ca8097aabb9 --force ?d?d?d?d?d?d
首先先把我們的握手包轉化為hccapx格式,現(xiàn)在最新版的hashcat只支持hccapx格式了,以前的hccap格式已經不支持了
官方在線轉化https://hashcat.net/cap2hccapx/
hashcat64.exe -a 3 -m 2500 1.hccapx 1391040?d?d?d?d
對于破解過的hash值,用hashcat64.exe hash --show查看結果
所有的hash破解結果都在hashcat.potfile文件中
如果破解的時間太長,可以按s鍵可以查看破解的狀態(tài),p鍵暫停,r鍵繼續(xù)破解,q鍵退出破解。
在使用GPU模式進行破解時,可以使用-O參數(shù)自動進行優(yōu)化
在實際破解中的建議,如果我們盲目的去破解,會占用我們大量的時間和資源
1.首先走一遍常用的弱口令字典 2.組合密碼,如:zhang1999,用姓氏和出生年組合,當然也可以用其它的組合,這里舉個例子而已 3.把常用的掩碼組合整理起來放在masks中的.hcmask文件中,然后讓它自動加載破解 4.如果實在不行,你可以嘗試低位數(shù)的所有組合去跑,不過不建議太高位數(shù)的組合去破解,因為如果對方設置的密碼很復雜的話,到頭來你密碼沒有破解到,卻浪費了大量的時間和資源,得不償失
6.HashCat參數(shù)優(yōu)化
考慮到hashcat的破解速度以及資源的分配,我們可以對一些參數(shù)進行配置
1.Workload tuning 負載調優(yōu)。
該參數(shù)支持的值有1,8,40,80,160
--gpu-accel 160 可以讓GPU發(fā)揮最大性能。
2.Gpu loops 負載微調
該參數(shù)支持的值的范圍是8-1024(有些算法只支持到1000)。
--gpu-loops 1024 可以讓GPU發(fā)揮最大性能。
3.Segment size 字典緩存大小
該參數(shù)是設置內存緩存的大小,作用是將字典放入內存緩存以加快字典破解速度,默認為32MB,可以根據(jù)自身內存情況進行設置,當然是越大越塊了。
--segment-size 512 可以提高大字典破解的速度。
文章轉自先知社區(qū),原文作者By七友,侵刪